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Nitrous oxide emissions in a landscape transitioning from Conservation Reserve Program grassland to energy crops switchgrass and Miscanthus
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:The Pennsylvania State University
Publication_Date:2017
Title:
Nitrous oxide emissions in a landscape transitioning from Conservation Reserve Program grassland to energy crops switchgrass and Miscanthus
Description:
Abstract: 
Future liquid fuel demand from renewable sources may, in part, be met by converting the seasonally wet portions
of the landscape currently managed for soil and water conservation to perennial energy crops. However, this shift
may increase nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, thus limiting the carbon (C) benefits of energy crops. Particularly
high emissions may occur during the transition period when the soil is disturbed, plants are establishing, and
nitrate and water accumulation may favor emissions. We measured N2O emissions and associated environmental
drivers during the transition of perennial grassland in a Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) to switchgrass
(Panicum virgatum L.) and Miscanthus x giganteus in the bottom 3-ha of a watershed in the Ridge and Valley ecoregion
of the northeastern United States. Replicated treatments of CRP (unconverted), unfertilized switchgrass
(switchgrass), nitrogen (N) fertilized switchgrass (switchgrass-N), and Miscanthus were randomized in four
blocks. Each plot was divided into shoulder, backslope, and footslope positions based on the slope and moisture
gradient. Soil N2O flux, soil moisture, and soil mineral nitrogen availability were monitored during the growing
season of 2013, the year after the land conversion. Growing season N2O flux showed a significant vegetation-bylandscape
position interaction (P < 0.009). Switchgrass-N and Miscanthus treatments had 3 and 6-times higher
cumulative flux respectively than the CRP in the footslope, but at other landscape positions fluxes were similar
among land uses. A peak N2O emission event, contributing 26% of the cumulative flux, occurred after a 10.8-cm
of rain during early June. Prolonged subsoil saturation coinciding with high mineral N concentration fueled N2O
emission hot spots in the footslopes under energy crops. Our results suggest that mitigating N2O emissions du
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date:2017
Currentness_Reference: 
publication date
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:ISO 19115 Topic Categories
Theme_Keyword:farming
Theme_Keyword:conservation reserve program
Theme_Keyword:energy crops
Theme_Keyword:land use change
Theme_Keyword:landscape position
Theme_Keyword:Miscanthus
Theme_Keyword:switchgrass
Theme_Keyword:environment
Access_Constraints:None.
Use_Constraints: 
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The USER is granted permission to translate and add value to the FILES for the use of the FILES on its computer hardware; provided, however, that the USER annually notify the University of any customizing or value-adding work done.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Penn State
Contact_Person:Armen R. Kemanian
Contact_Position:Associate Professor of Production Systems and Modeling
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing address
Address: 
247 Agricultural Sciences and Industries Building
City:University Park
State_or_Province:Pennsylvania
Postal_Code:16802
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:814-863-9852
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:akemanian@psu.edu
Contact Instructions: 
Other partners: Debasish Saha, Benjamin M. Rau, Jason P. Kaye, Felipe Montes, and Paul R. Adler
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.0 (Build 2195) Service Pack 4; ESRI ArcCatalog 8.3.0.800
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Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Penn State Data Commons
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address: 
115 Land and Water Building
City:University Park
State_or_Province:Pennsylvania
Postal_Code:16802
Country:United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone:(814) 865 - 8792
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:datacommons@psu.edu
Distribution_Liability: 
The USER shall indemnify, save harmless, and, if requested, defend those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data, their officers, agents, and employees from and against any suits, claims, or actions for injury, death, or property damage arising out of the use of or any defect in the FILES or any accompanying documentation. Those parties involved with the development and distribution excluded any and all implied warranties, including warranties or merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and makes no warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the FILES or accompanying documentation, including its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The FILES and documentation are provided "as is" and the USER assumes the entire risk as to its quality and performance. Those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the FILES or any accompanying documentation.
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Penn State Data Commons
Contact_Position:Metadata Coordinator
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing address
Address: 
115 Land and Water Building
City:University Park
State_or_Province:Pennsylvania
Postal_Code:16802
Country:United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone:814-865-8792
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:datacommons@psu.edu
Metadata_Standard_Name:FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version:FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention:local time
Metadata_Extensions:
Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html
Profile_Name:ESRI Metadata Profile
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