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Supplementary data, code, and information for ‘Underestimation of volcanic cooling in tree-ringbased reconstructions of hemispheric temperatures’ (Nature Geoscience, Mann et al. 2012)
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:The Pennsylvania State University
Publication_Date:2012
Title:
Supplementary data, code, and information for ‘Underestimation of volcanic cooling in tree-ringbased reconstructions of hemispheric temperatures’ (Nature Geoscience, Mann et al. 2012)
Other_Citation_Details:
Mann, M.E., Fuentes, J.D., Rutherford, S., Underestimation of Volcanic Cooling in Tree-Ring Based Reconstructions of Hemispheric Temperatures, Nature Geoscience, 5, 202-205, 2012.
Online_Linkage: http://www.datacommons.psu.edu
Description:
Abstract: 
The largest eruption of a tropical volcano during the past millennium occurred in AD 1258–1259. Its estimated radiative forcing was several times larger than the 1991 Pinatubo eruption1 . Radiative forcing of that magnitude is expected to result in a climate cooling of about 2 ?C. This effect, however, is largely absent from tree-ring reconstructions of temperature, and is muted in reconstructions that employ a mix of tree-rings and other proxy data. This discrepancy has called into question the climate impact of the eruption. Here we use a tree-growth model driven by simulated temperature variations to show that the discrepancy between expected and reconstructed temperatures is probably an artefact caused by a reduced sensitivity to cooling in trees that grow near the treeline. This effect is compounded by the secondary effects of chronological errors due to missing growth rings and volcanically induced alterations of diffuse light. We support this conclusion with an assessment of synthetic proxy records created using the simulated temperature variations. Our findings suggest that the evidence from tree rings is consistent with a substantial climate impact of volcanic eruptions in past centuries that is greater than that estimated by tree-ring-based temperature reconstructions.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date:2012
Currentness_Reference: 
publication date
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:ISO 19115 Topic Categories
Theme_Keyword:climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere
Theme_Keyword:environment
Theme_Keyword:Climate
Theme_Keyword:climate variability
Theme_Keyword:paleoclimate
Theme_Keyword:volcano
Theme_Keyword: tree ring
Access_Constraints:None.
Use_Constraints: 
The University excludes any and all implied warranties, including warranties or merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
The University makes no warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the FILES or accompanying documentation, including its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The FILES and documentation are provided "as is" and the USER assumes the entire risk as to its quality and performance.
The University will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the FILES or any accompanying documentation.
The USER is granted permission to translate and add value to the FILES for the use of the FILES on its computer hardware; provided, however, that the USER annually notify the University of any customizing or value-adding work done.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person:Michael E. Mann
Contact_Organization:Penn State
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
City:University Park
State_or_Province:Pennsylvania
Postal_Code:16802
Country:United States
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:mem45@psu.edu
Contact Instructions: 
Michael E. Mann (Penn State), 
Scott Rutherford (Roger Williams University),
Jose D. Fuentes (Penn State)
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Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Penn State Data Commons
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address: 
115 Land and Water Building
City:University Park
State_or_Province:Pennsylvania
Postal_Code:16802
Country:United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone:(814) 865 - 8792
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:datacommons@psu.edu
Distribution_Liability: 
The USER shall indemnify, save harmless, and, if requested, defend those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data, their officers, agents, and employees from and against any suits, claims, or actions for injury, death, or property damage arising out of the use of or any defect in the FILES or any accompanying documentation. Those parties involved with the development and distribution excluded any and all implied warranties, including warranties or merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and makes no warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the FILES or accompanying documentation, including its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The FILES and documentation are provided "as is" and the USER assumes the entire risk as to its quality and performance. Those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the FILES or any accompanying documentation.
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Penn State Data Commons
Contact_Position:Metadata Coordinator
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing address
Address: 
115 Land and Water Building
City:University Park
State_or_Province:Pennsylvania
Postal_Code:16802
Country:United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone:814-865-8792
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:datacommons@psu.edu
Metadata_Standard_Name:FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version:FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention:local time
Metadata_Extensions:
Profile_Name:ESRI Metadata Profile
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