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Supplementary data and code for ‘Robust estimation of background noise and signal detection in climatic time series’ (Mann and Lees 1996)

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• Distribution_Information
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Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:The Pennsylvania State University

Publication_Date:1996

Title:

Supplementary data and code for ‘Robust estimation of background noise and signal detection in climatic time series’ (Mann and Lees 1996)

Other_Citation_Details:

Mann, M.E., Lees. J., Robust Estimation of Background Noise and Signal Detection in Climatic Time Series, Climatic Change, 33, 409-445, 1996.

Online_Linkage: http://www.datacommons.psu.edu

Description:

Abstract:

We present a new technique for isolating climate signals in time series with a characteristic ‘red’ noise background which arises from temporal persistence. This background is estimated by a ‘robust’ procedure that, unlike conventional techniques, is largely unbiased by the presence of signals immersed in the noise. Making use of multiple-taper spectral analysis methods, the technique further provides for a distinction between purely harmonic (periodic) signals, and broader-band (‘quasiperiodic’) signals. The effectiveness of our signal detection procedure is demonstrated with synthetic examples that simulate a variety of possible periodic and quasiperiodic signals immersed in red noise. We apply our methodology to historical climate and paleoclimate time series examples. Analysis of a ˜ 3 million year sediment core reveals significant periodic components at known astronomical forcing periodicities and a significant quasiperiodic 100 year peak. Analysis of a roughly 1500 year tree-ring reconstruction of Scandinavian summer temperatures suggests significant quasiperiodic signals on a near-century timescale, an interdecadal 16–18 year timescale, within the interannual El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) band, and on a quasibiennial timescale. Analysis of the 144 year record of Great Salt Lake monthly volume change reveals a significant broad band of significant interdecadal variability, ENSO-timescale peaks, an annual cycle and its harmonics. Focusing in detail on the historical estimated global-average surface temperature record, we find a highly significant secular trend relative to the estimated red noise background, and weakly significant quasiperiodic signals within the ENSO band. Decadal and quasibiennial signals are marginally significant in this series.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date:1996

Currentness_Reference:

publication date

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:ISO 19115 Topic Categories

Theme_Keyword:climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere

Theme_Keyword:environment

Theme_Keyword:Climate

Theme_Keyword:time series

Access_Constraints:None.

Use_Constraints:

The University excludes any and all implied warranties, including warranties or merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
The University makes no warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the FILES or accompanying documentation, including its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The FILES and documentation are provided "as is" and the USER assumes the entire risk as to its quality and performance.
The University will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the FILES or any accompanying documentation.
The USER is granted permission to translate and add value to the FILES for the use of the FILES on its computer hardware; provided, however, that the USER annually notify the University of any customizing or value-adding work done.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person:Michael E. Mann

Contact_Organization:Penn State

Contact_Address:

Address_Type:mailing and physical address

City:University Park

State_or_Province:Pennsylvania

Postal_Code:16802

Country:United States

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:mem45@psu.edu

Contact Instructions:

Michael E. Mann,
Jonathan M. Lees 

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:Penn State Data Commons

Contact_Address:

Address_Type:mailing and physical address

Address:

115 Land and Water Building

City:University Park

State_or_Province:Pennsylvania

Postal_Code:16802

Country:United States

Contact_Voice_Telephone:(814) 865 - 8792

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:datacommons@psu.edu

Distribution_Liability:

The USER shall indemnify, save harmless, and, if requested, defend those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data, their officers, agents, and employees from and against any suits, claims, or actions for injury, death, or property damage arising out of the use of or any defect in the FILES or any accompanying documentation. Those parties involved with the development and distribution excluded any and all implied warranties, including warranties or merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and makes no warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the FILES or accompanying documentation, including its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The FILES and documentation are provided "as is" and the USER assumes the entire risk as to its quality and performance. Those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the FILES or any accompanying documentation.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:Penn State Data Commons

Contact_Position:Metadata Coordinator

Contact_Address:

Address_Type:mailing address

Address:

115 Land and Water Building

City:University Park

State_or_Province:Pennsylvania

Postal_Code:16802

Country:United States

Contact_Voice_Telephone:814-865-8792

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:datacommons@psu.edu

Metadata_Standard_Name:FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version:FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention:local time

Metadata_Extensions:

Profile_Name:ESRI Metadata Profile