Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Connie L. Dicken Originator: Laurel G. Woodruff Originator: Jane M. Hammarstrom Originator: Kelsey E. Crocker Publication_Date: 20221101 Title: GIS, supplemental data table, and references for focus areas of potential domestic resources of critical minerals and related commodities in the United States and Puerto Rico Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Vector Digital Data Set (Polygon) Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Denver, CO Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Additional information about Originators: Connie L. Dicken, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1617-8132. Jane M. Hammarstrom, http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2742-3460 Laurel G. Woodruff, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2514-9923 Kelsey E. Crocker, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5919-5274 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DIZ9N8 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Jane M. Hammarstrom Originator: Connie L. Dicken Originator: Laurel G. Woodruff Originator: Allen K. Andersen Originator: Sean Brennan Originator: Warren C. Day Originator: Benjamin J. Drenth Originator: Nora K. Foley Originator: Susan Hall Originator: Albert H. Hofstra Originator: Anne E. McCafferty Originator: Anjana K. Shah Originator: David A. Ponce Publication_Date: 2022 Title: Focus areas for data acquisition for potential domestic resources of 13 critical minerals in the conterminous United States and Puerto Rico — Antimony, barite, beryllium, chromium, fluorspar, hafnium, helium, magnesium, manganese, potash, uranium, vanadium, and zirconium Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: publication Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: US Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191023D Description: Abstract: In response to Executive Order 13817 of December 20, 2017, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) coordinated with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to identify 36 nonfuel minerals or mineral materials considered critical to the economic and national security of the United States (U.S.) (https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1021/ofr20181021.pdf). Acquiring information on possible domestic sources of these critical minerals is the rationale for the USGS Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (Earth MRI). The program, which partners the USGS with State Geological Surveys, Federal agencies, and the private sector, aims to collect new geological, geophysical, and topographic (lidar) data in key areas of the U.S. to stimulate mineral exploration and production of critical minerals. The USGS has identified broad areas within the United States to target acquisition of geologic mapping, geophysical data, and (or) detailed topographic information to aid research, mineral exploration, and evaluation of mineral potential in these areas. Focus areas were defined using existing geologic data including data on known deposits in the United States. The focus areas are provided as geospatial data supported by tables that summarize what is known about the mineral potential and brief descriptions of data gaps that could be addressed by the Earth MRI program. A full discussion of Earth MRI and the rationale and methods used to develop the geospatial data are provided in the following report: Hammarstrom, J.M., Dicken, C.L., Woodruff, L.G., Andersen, A.K., Brennan, S., Day, W.C., Drenth, B.J., Foley, N.K., Hall, S., Hofstra, A.H., McCafferty, A.E., Shah, A.K., and Ponce, D.A., 2022, Focus areas for data acquisition for potential domestic resources of 13 critical minerals in the conterminous United States and Puerto Rico—Antimony, barite, beryllium, chromium, fluorspar, hafnium, helium, magnesium, manganese, potash, uranium, vanadium, and zirconium, chap. D of U.S. Geological Survey, Focus areas for data acquisition for potential domestic sources of critical minerals: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2019–1023, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191023D. Purpose: These geospatial data provide the locations of focus areas to be used for the planning and collection of geophysical, geological, and topographic (lidar) data pertaining to the Earth MRI study of critical mineral resources in the U.S. Focus areas are outlined solely on the basis of geology, regardless of political boundaries. Therefore, areas may include Federal, as well as State, tribal, and private lands, which may or may not be open to exploration and mining activities. These data are shared to meet open data requirements and are suitable for use in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) or other database and geospatial software used to derive maps and perform geospatial analyses. Supplemental_Information: The GIS data consist of a polygon layer, or “feature class”, which depicts the locations of focus areas, that might control the distribution of mineral deposits. Individual focus areas may be represented by one or more polygons. When a focus area is defined by more than one polygon, the polygons are grouped to form a “multi-part” feature in the GIS data. For example, the focus area pertaining to the Phosphoria Formation across multiple States consists of 984 polygons. These polygons are grouped and appear as a single record in the GIS attribute table with the UID “RM338”. In all, there are over 59,000 polygons that make up 833 focus areas. Polygons representing different focus areas may overlap. Viewing focus areas as outlines without color fills and with text labels will show where polygons overlap. Data are provided in ArcGIS 10.8.1 file geodatabase (.gdb) and shapefile formats. The user is also provided a State boundary layer feature class published by Esri (2012) that was modified to include attribute information identifying the four regions used in the study – east, central, west, and Alaska. focusAreas_emri.gdb file geodatabase includes the following: focusAreas_emri: potential data acquisition areas represented as polygons. states_studyRegions: State boundaries that include study area regions. Table data are provided as a single excel work sheet with tabs, listed below (as well as comma separated values (.csv) files.) Abbreviations - list of abbreviations used in the data set. Explanations - describes each attribute in the EMRI focus area tab as well as related GIS field name. For example, 'Critical mineral commodities' is the column name in the table and it is called 'CritMin' in the focusAreas_emri GIS table. Additional explanations are below for descriptions of fields in the References tab. EMRI focus areas - full table of attributes for the focus areas. References - table that lists the short reference, full citation, and links where available. * status defined in Explanations tab. Mineral Systems - table 1 modified from Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) that relates critical minerals and commodities to deposit types and mineral systems. Esri, 2012, USA States: Esri Data & Maps for ArcGIS, 2012 – World, Europe, and United States, Redlands, CA. These data are published as a Science Base Data Release, however the Hammarstrom and others (2022) Open-File Report 2019–1023 contains the discussion of Earth MRI and the rationale and methods used to develop these geospatial data (https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191023D). Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2022 Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -173.0000 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -66.0000 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 72.0000 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 18.0000 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: mineral deposits Theme_Keyword: economic geology Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme_Keyword: critical minerals Theme_Keyword: aluminum Theme_Keyword: antimony Theme_Keyword: arsenic Theme_Keyword: barite Theme_Keyword: beryllium Theme_Keyword: bismuth Theme_Keyword: cesium Theme_Keyword: chromium Theme_Keyword: cobalt Theme_Keyword: fluorspar Theme_Keyword: gallium Theme_Keyword: germanium Theme_Keyword: graphite Theme_Keyword: hafnium Theme_Keyword: indium Theme_Keyword: lithium Theme_Keyword: magnesium Theme_Keyword: manganese Theme_Keyword: nickel Theme_Keyword: niobium Theme_Keyword: platinum group elements (PGE) Theme_Keyword: potash Theme_Keyword: rare earth elements (REE) Theme_Keyword: rhenium Theme_Keyword: rubidium Theme_Keyword: scandium Theme_Keyword: strontium Theme_Keyword: tantalum Theme_Keyword: tellurium Theme_Keyword: tin Theme_Keyword: titanium Theme_Keyword: tungsten Theme_Keyword: uranium Theme_Keyword: vanadium Theme_Keyword: zinc Theme_Keyword: zirconium Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:610438e7d34ef8d7055fbcae Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Common geographic areas Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Alabama Place_Keyword: Alaska Place_Keyword: Arizona Place_Keyword: Arkansas Place_Keyword: California Place_Keyword: Colorado Place_Keyword: Connecticut Place_Keyword: Delaware Place_Keyword: District of Columbia Place_Keyword: Florida Place_Keyword: Georgia Place_Keyword: Hawaii Place_Keyword: Idaho Place_Keyword: Illinois Place_Keyword: Indiana Place_Keyword: Iowa Place_Keyword: Kansas Place_Keyword: Kentucky Place_Keyword: Louisiana Place_Keyword: Maine Place_Keyword: Maryland Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Place_Keyword: Michigan Place_Keyword: Minnesota Place_Keyword: Mississippi Place_Keyword: Missouri Place_Keyword: Montana Place_Keyword: Nebraska Place_Keyword: Nevada Place_Keyword: New Hampshire Place_Keyword: New Jersey Place_Keyword: New Mexico Place_Keyword: New York Place_Keyword: North Carolina Place_Keyword: North Dakota Place_Keyword: Ohio Place_Keyword: Oklahoma Place_Keyword: Oregon Place_Keyword: Pennsylvania Place_Keyword: Puerto Rico Place_Keyword: Rhode Island Place_Keyword: South Carolina Place_Keyword: South Dakota Place_Keyword: Tennessee Place_Keyword: Texas Place_Keyword: Utah Place_Keyword: Vermont Place_Keyword: Virginia Place_Keyword: Washington Place_Keyword: West Virginia Place_Keyword: Wisconsin Place_Keyword: Wyoming Access_Constraints: None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. Use_Constraints: There is no guarantee concerning the accuracy of the data. Data have been checked to ensure the accuracy. If any errors are detected, please notify the originating office. The U.S. Geological Survey recommends users read all metadata prior to using data. Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated in products derived from these data. User specifically agrees not to misrepresent the data, nor to imply that changes made were approved or endorsed by the U.S. Geological Survey. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Connie Dicken Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, NORTHEAST REGION Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Mail Stop 954, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr City: Reston State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 20192 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-6482 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 703-648-6252 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cdicken@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: Development of the dataset was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program. The spatial data set and supporting tables were developed by 4 regional teams: Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center (Reston, VA); Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center (Denver, CO); Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center (Spokane, WA and Tucson, AZ); and Alaska Science Center - Geology Office (Anchorage, AK). Database reviews and contributions were made by USGS personnel Heather Parks, Ryan Taylor, Carlin Green, Dan Hayba, Damon Bickerstaff, and Patricia Loferski. Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys – Werdon, M.B. Arizona Geological Survey - Richardson, C.A. Arkansas Geological Survey - Cannon, C., Chandler, A., and Hanson, W.D. California Geological Survey - Bohlen, S., Callen, B., Gius, F.W., Goodwin, J., Higgins, C., Key, E.L., Marquis, G., Mills, S., Tuzzolino, A., and Wesoloski, C. Colorado Geological Survey - Morgan, M.L., and O'Keeffe, M.K. Connecticut Geological Survey - Thomas, M. Delaware Geological Survey - KunleDare, M., and Tomlinson, J. Florida Geological Survey - Means, H. Geological Survey of Alabama - VanDervoort, D.S., and Whitmore, J.P. Idaho Geological Survey - Berti, C., Gillerman, V.S., and Lewis, R.S. Illinois State Geological Survey - Denny, F.B., Freiburg, J., Scott, E., and Whittaker, S. Indiana Geological and Water Survey - Mastalerz, M., McLaughlin, P.I., and Motz, G. Iowa Geological Survey - Clark, R.J., Kerr, P., and Tassier-Surine, S. Kansas Geological Survey - Husiuk, F., Oborny, S., and Smith, J. Kentucky Geological Survey - Andrews, W.M., Harris, D., Hickman J., and Lukoczki, G. Maine Geological Survey - Beck, F.M., Bradley, D., Marvinney, R., Slack, J., and Whittaker, A.H. Maine Mineral and Gem Museum - Felch, M. Maryland Geological Survey - Kavage Adams, R.H., Brezinski, D.K., Junkin, W., and Ortt, R. Michigan Geological Survey - Yellich, J. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources - Arends, H., Dahl, D.A., and Saari, S. Minnesota Natural Resources Research Institute - Hudak, G.J. Minnesota Geological Survey - Block, A. Missouri Geological Survey - Ellis, T., Lori, L., Pierce, L., Seeger, C.M., and Steele, A. Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology - Gunderson, J., Korzeb, S.L., and Scarberry, K.C. Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology - Faulds, J., and Muntean, J.L. New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources - Gysi, A., Kelley, S.A., and McLemore, V.T. North Carolina Geological Survey - Chapman, J.S., Farrell, K.M., Taylor, K.B., Thornton, E., and Veach, D. North Dakota Geological Survey - Kruger, N. Ohio Geological Survey - McDonald, J., and Stucker, J. Pennsylvania Geological Survey - Hand, K., and Shank, S.G. South Carolina Geological Survey - Howard, C.S., and Morrow, R.H. South Dakota Geological Survey - Cowman, T., Luczak, J.N., and Myman, T.J. Tennessee Geological Survey - Lemiszki, P. Texas Bureau of Economic Geology - Paine, J. Utah Geological Survey - Boden, T., Mills, S.E., and Rupke, A. Virginia Division of Geology and Mineral Resources - Coiner, L.V., and Lassetter, W.L. Washington Geological Survey - Eungard, D.W., and Skov, R. West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey - Brown, S.R., Dinterman, P., and Moore, J.P. Western Michigan University - Thakurta, J., Harrison, W., and Voice, P. Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey - Ames, C., Gotschalk, B., Lodge, R., Stewart, E.K., and Stewart, E. Wyoming State Geological Survey - Gregory, R.W., Lynds, R.M., Mosser, K., Toner, R., and Webber, P. U.S. Geological Survey - Anderson, A.K., Bickerstaff, D., Bern, C.R., Brady, S., Brezinski, C., Brock, J., Bultman, M.W., Carter, M.W., Cossette, P.M., Crafford, T., Crocker, K.E., Day, W.C., Dicken, C.L., Drenth, B.J., Emsbo, P., Foley, N.K., Frost, T.P., Gettings, M.E., Grauch, V.J.S., Hall, S.M., Hammarstrom, J.M., Hayes, T.S., Hofstra, A.H., Horton, J.D., Horton, J.W., Hubbard, B.E., Hudson, M., John, D.A., Johnson, M.R., Jones, J.V. III, Kreiner, D.C., Mauk, J.L., McCafferty, A.E., McPhee, D., Merchat, A.J., Nicholson, S.W., Ponce, D.A., Roberts-Ashby, T., Rosera, J., San Juan, C.A., Shah, A.K., Scheirer, D., Siler, D.L., Soller, D.R., Stillings, L.L., Swezey, C.S., Taylor, R.D., Thompson, R., Van Gosen, B.S., Verplanck, P., Vikre, P.G., Walsh, G.J., Woodruff, L.G., and Zurcher, L. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1909; Esri ArcGIS 10.8.1 Version 10.8.1.14362 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The data are intended to be used at regional scales for planning purposes. Unique values in attribute fields were acquired through frequency analyses. The unique values in each attribute field were reviewed and checked for spelling, consistency of terms, accuracy, adherence to established vocabularies, and completeness. Logical_Consistency_Report: A single focus area may be represented by numerous, dispersed polygons. Where this occurs, the polygons are grouped to form a “multi-part” feature which has a single record in the GIS attribute table. There are over 59,000 polygons that make up 833 multi-part focus areas. Consequently, polygons representing different focus areas may overlap. Completeness_Report: Focus areas are based on existing data and reports published 1889–2022. Focus areas are based solely on geologic information and rationale. Focus areas intentionally include areas of incomplete information that could be better understood by the collection of new or additional data. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The quality of focus areas is highly variable and generally reflects the accuracy of source reports and data. The data are intended to show the general distribution of known mineral deposits and regions as well as areas that potentially contain resources for critical minerals. The data can be queried to identify commodities. The data are intended to be used at regional scales for planning purposes. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Albert H. Hofstra Originator: Douglas C. Kreiner Publication_Date: 20200525 Title: Systems-Deposits-Commodities-Critical Minerals Table for Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (ver. 1.1, May 2021) Edition: 1.1 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: publication Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2020-1042 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201042 Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2021 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Source_Contribution: Mineral systems, deposit types and commodities for Earth MRI. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Esri Publication_Date: 2012 Title: USA States: Esri Data & Maps for ArcGIS Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Online_Linkage: https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=1a6cae723af14f9cae228b133aebc620 Source_Scale_Denominator: 3000000 Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2012 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Esri (2012) Source_Contribution: Used for State boundaries and added USGS EMRI regions to the attributes for general use. Process_Step: Process_Description: To define focus areas, project teams first evaluated existing data on critical mineral occurrences (deposits, prospects, and showings), past exploration, resources and production, geochemical and geophysical data, and the status of geologic mapping for the eastern, central, and western conterminous U.S. and Alaska. Resulting focus areas ranged from areas with identified resources and past production to areas with geologic characteristics permissive for undiscovered deposits with no known deposits. Specific data needs that could be addressed by the Earth MRI program to better evaluate each focus area for critical mineral potential were summarized. The evaluation of existing data formed the rationale for developing polygon features in a GIS. The geospatial delineation of focus areas involved a variety of data sources and approaches. Focus areas for potential 36 critical minerals were developed by querying digital State geologic map data for permissive host rocks based on lithology and age. Other focus areas were derived using generalized outlines of mining districts or mineral belts, distributions of observed occurrences, and in some cases, geochemical and (or) geophysical anomalies associated with deposits. Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) table 1 was used to define and categorize focus areas based on a hierarchical data structure of mineral systems and deposit types. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Esri (2012) Process_Date: 20210330 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Connie Dicken Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, NORTHEAST REGION Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Mail Stop 954, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr City: Reston State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 20192 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-6482 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 703-648-6252 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cdicken@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: G-polygon Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 833 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Map_Projection: Map_Projection_Name: Albers Conical Equal Area Albers_Conical_Equal_Area: Standard_Parallel: 29.5 Standard_Parallel: 45.5 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -96.0 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 37.5 False_Easting: 0.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.6096 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.6096 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North_American_Datum_1983 Ellipsoid_Name: GRS_1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: focusAreas_emri Attribute Table Entity_Type_Definition: Table containing attribute information associated with the data set. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: UID Attribute_Definition: A unique identifier for each focus area based on subregion and a 4 digit number. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS authors Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: An alphanumeric identifier formatted as XX#### where XX represents the subregion and the #### is a number. The value of subregion can be Alaska (AK), Hawaii (HI), North Central (NC), Northeast (NE), Northwest (NW), Rocky Mountains (RM), South Central (SC), Southeast (SE), or Southwest (SW). Some focus areas may be two or more polygons grouped together, or a “multi-part”. A focus area may also be part of more than one subregion, but only one is listed. Attribute: Attribute_Label: AuthorID Attribute_Definition: An identifier created by the focus area primary author that captured subregion or State. Useful to retain link to original author's records. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS authors Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Author id to retain link with original records. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Region Attribute_Definition: Study region within the United States. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS authors Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Regions include Alaska, East, Central, and West. States (including District of Columbia and Puerto Rico) were grouped into regions for purposes of the study as follows: Alaska (AK); East (AL, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, KY, MA, MD, ME, MS, NC, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, PR, RI, SC, TN, VA, VT, WV); Central (AR, IL, IN, IA, KS, LA, MI, MN, MO, NE, ND, OK, SD, WI); and West (AZ, CA, CO, HI, ID, MT, NM, NV, OR, TX, UT, WA, WY). Attribute: Attribute_Label: SubRegion Attribute_Definition: 9 study subregions within the United States. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS authors Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Alaska (AK), Hawaii (HI), Northwest (NW), Southwest (SW), Rocky Mountains (RM), North Central (NC), South Central (SC), Northeast (NE), and Southeast (SE). Note that Puerto Rico is included with the Southeast subregion. Attribute: Attribute_Label: States Attribute_Definition: States included in the focus area listed in alphabetical order. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS authors Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. Attribute: Attribute_Label: FocusArea Attribute_Definition: A descriptive name for the focus area. May be a geographic area, a mining district, a mineral belt, or an age/lithologic term. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS authors Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Informal names assigned by the USGS to distinguish focus areas. Attribute: Attribute_Label: MinSystem Attribute_Definition: Type of mineral system. Attribute_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Alkalic Porphyry Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Alkalic porphyry systems form in oceanic and continental magmatic arcs and in continental rifts by similar processes from fluids exsolved from more fractionated alkalic plutons and stocks. Resulting ore deposits tend to be more enriched in Au, Te, Bi, and V. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Arsenide Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Arsenide systems form in continental rifts where deep-seated, oxidized, metal-rich, metamorphic basement brines ascend to shallow levels. Native elements (Ag, Bi, As), Ni-, Co- and Fe-mono-, di- and sulf-arsenides precipitate by reduction as hydrocarbons, graphite, or sulfide minerals are oxidized to form carbonates and barite. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Basin Brine Path Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Basin brine path systems emanate from marine evaporite basins and extend downward and laterally through permeable strata to discharge points in the ocean. Limestone is replaced by reflux dolomite at low temperatures and hydrothermal dolomite at high temperatures. Basin brines evolve to become ore fluids by scavenging metals from various rock types along gravity-driven flow paths. The mineralogy of the aquifers controls the redox and sulfidation state of the brine and the suite of elements that can be scavenged. Copper and Pb-Zn sulfide deposits form where oxidized brines encounter reduced S. Unconformity U deposits form where oxidized brines are reduced. Barium and Sr deposits form where reduced brines encounter marine sulfate or carbonate. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Carlin-type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Carlin-type systems occur in continental magmatic arcs, but are remote from subjacent stocks and plutons. Consequently, ore fluids consist largely of meteoric water containing volatiles discharged from deep intrusions. Ore fluids scavenge elements from carbonaceous pyritic sedimentary rocks as they convect through them. Gold ore containing disseminated pyrite forms where acidic reduced fluids dissolve carbonate and sulfidize Fe-bearing minerals in host rocks. Arsenic, Hg, and Tl minerals precipitate by cooling. Stibnite precipitates with quartz by cooling from Au-, As-, Hg-, Tl-depleted fluids. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Chemical weathering Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Chemical weathering systems operate in stable areas of low to moderate relief with sufficient rainfall to chemically dissolve and concentrate elements present in various rock types and mineral occurrences by the downward percolation of surface water in the unsaturated zone. Chemical gradients cause different elements to be concentrated at different positions in the weathering profile and at the water table. Bauxite, Ni-laterite, and carbonatite laterite are restricted to tropical climatic zones; others form in temperate and arid climates. Dissolved U is reduced on carbonaceous material in lakes and swamps. Dissolved Mn precipitates at redox interface in lakes. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Climax-type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Climax-type systems occur in continental rifts with hydrous bimodal magmatism. Aqueous supercritical fluids exsolved from A-type topaz rhyolite plutons and the apices of subvolcanic stocks form a variety of deposit types as they move upward and outward, split into liquid and vapor, react with country rocks, and mix with ground water. The broad spectrum of deposit types results from the large thermal and chemical gradients in these systems. At deep levels, NYF pegmatites emanate from plutons. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Coeur d-Alene-type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Metamorphic dewatering of moderately oxidized siliciclastic sequences during exhumation with fluid flow along dilatant structures. Metasedimentary host rocks may contain basin brine path Pb-Zn and Cu ± Co deposits. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Hybrid magmatic REE / basin brine path Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: This hybrid system operates where CO2- and HF-bearing magmatic volatiles condense into basinal brines that replace carbonate with fluorspar ± barite, REE, Ti, Nb, and Be, as in the Illinois-Kentucky Fluorspar District and Hicks Dome. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: IOA-IOCG Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: IOA-IOCG systems form in both subduction- and rift-related magmatic provinces. IOA deposits form as hot brine discharged from subvolcanic mafic to intermediate composition intrusions reacts with cool country rocks. Albitite U deposits form at deeper levels where brines albitize country rocks. IOCG deposits form on the roof or periphery of IOA mineralization at lower temperatures, often with involvement of external fluids. Polymetallic skarn, replacement and vein deposits occur outboard from IOCG deposits. Manganese replacement and lacustrine Fe deposits form near or at the paleosurface. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Lacustrine evaporite Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Lacustrine evaporite systems operate in closed drainage basins in arid to hyper-arid climatic zones. Elements present in meteoric surface, ground, and geothermal recharge water are concentrated by evaporation. As salinity increases, evaporite minerals typically precipitate in the following sequence: gypsum or anhydrite, halite, sylvite, carnallite, borate. Nitrates are concentrated in basins that accumulate sea spray. Residual brines enriched in Li and other elements often accumulate in aquifers below dry lake beds. Lithium-clay and Li-B-zeolite deposits form where residual brine reacts with lake sediment, ash layers, or volcanic rocks. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Mafic magmatic Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Mafic magmatic systems generally form in large igneous provinces (LIP) related to mantle plumes or meteorite impacts. Nickel-Cu sulfide ores with PGEs result from settling and accumulation of immiscible sulfide liquids in mafic layered intrusions and ultramafic magma conduits. In layered intrusions, Fe-Ti oxides, chromite and PGE minerals crystalize from evolving parental magmas and are concentrated by physical processes in cumulate layers. In anorthosites, Fe-Ti oxides ± apatite crystalize from residual magmas entrained in plagioclase-melt diapirs. In convergent settings, Alaskan-type intrusions with Fe-Ti oxides and PGE form from mantle melts. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Magmatic REE Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Magmatic REE systems typically occur in continental rifts or along translithospheric structures. REE and other elements in mantle-derived ultrabasic, alkaline, and peralkaline (agpaitic) intrusions are enriched by fractionation and separation of immiscible carbonatite melts ± saline hydrothermal liquids. Exsolved magmatic fluids or heated external fluids may deposit REE and other elements in adjacent country rocks. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Marine chemocline Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Marine chemocline systems operate where basin brines discharge into the ocean, resulting in increases in bioproductiviy that can produce metalliferous black shales. Changes in ocean chemistry (for example, oceanic anoxic events) and development of chemoclines result in chemical sedimentation of phosphate and Mn and Fe carbonates and oxides. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Marine evaporite Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Marine evaporite systems operate in shallow restricted epicontinental basins in arid to hyper-arid climatic zones. Sabka dolomite and sedimentary magnesite form in coastal salt flats and lagoons. Elements present in seawater are concentrated by evaporation. As salinity increases, evaporite minerals typically precipitate in the following sequence: gypsum or anhydrite, halite, sylvite. Residual basin brines are enriched in conserved elements, such as Mg and Li. Incursion of fresh water or seawater can produce halite dissolution brines. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Metamorphic Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Metamorphic systems recrystallize rocks containing organic carbon or REE phosphate minerals or U minerals. Crystalline magnesite forms by carbonation of peridotite. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Meteoric convection Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Low-sulfidation Au-Ag deposits associated with mantle plume volcanic rocks form under relatively low oxygen and sulfur fugacities, have low base metal contents, and high Au/Ag ratios and Se contents. Low-sulfidation deposits along extensional fault zones that are not associated with proximal, coeval magmatic activity may be underlain by rift-related dikes and sills. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Meteoric recharge Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Meteoric recharge systems operate where oxidized meteoric groundwater displaces reduced connate water in sandstone aquifers that often contain volcanic ash or in granitic intrusions or where such groundwater evaporates at the surface. As oxidized water descends through sandstone aquifers it scavenges U and other elements from detrital minerals and/or volcanic glass. Uranium and other elements precipitate at a redox front with reduced connate water, on carbonaceous material in the aquifers, or ferrous Fe minerals in granite, or at the surface in calcrete by evaporation. In ultramafic rocks, dissolved CO2 in meteoric ground water reacts with Mg-silicates to form magnesite, which may also precipitate in permeable sediment or rocks nearby. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Orogenic Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Metamorphic dewatering of sulfidic volcanic and/or sulfidic carbonaceous and/or calcareous siliciclastic sequences during exhumation with fluid flow along dilatant structures. Iron minerals in host rocks are often sulfidized. Metavolcanic host rocks often contain volcanogenic seafloor sulfide deposits. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Petroleum Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Nickel and V in porphyry complexes are the most abundant metals in plant and animal remains in source rocks and in derived petroleum. Helium is produced by radioactive decay of U and Th in felsic igneous rocks and siliciclastic rocks derived from them. It is released by magmatic heat and/or fracturing and accumulates in gas reservoirs below an impermeable seal. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Placer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Placer systems operate in drainage basins and along shorelines where there is either topographic relief and gravity driven turbulent flow of surface water or tidal- and wind-driven wave action. Placer systems concentrate insoluble resistate minerals liberated from various rock types and mineral occurrences by the chemical breakdown and winnowing away of enclosing minerals by the movement of water. The distribution of insoluble resistate minerals is controlled by their size, density and the turbulence of fluid flow. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Porphyry Cu-Mo-Au Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Porphyry Cu-Mo-Au systems operate in oceanic and continental magmatic arcs with calc-alkaline compositions. Aqueous supercritical fluids exsolved from felsic plutons and the apices of subvolcanic stocks form a variety of deposit types as they move upward and outward, split into liquid and vapor, react with country rocks, and mix with ground water. The broad spectrum of deposit types results from the large thermal and chemical gradients in these systems. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Porphyry Sn (granite-related) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Granite-related porphyry Sn systems form in back arc or hinterland settings by similar processes from fluids exsolved from more crustally contaminated S-type peraluminous plutons and stocks. At deep levels, LCT pegmatites emanate from plutons. Resulting ore deposits tend to be poor in Cu and Mo and enriched in Li, Cs, Ta, Nb, Sn, W, Ag, Sb and In. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Reduced Intrusion-related Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Reduced intrusion-related systems form in continental magmatic arcs by similar processes from fluids exsolved from calc-alkaline plutons and stocks that assimilated carbonaceous pyritic country rocks. Resulting ore deposits tend to be poor in Cu, Mo, Sn and enriched in W, Au, Ag, Te, Bi, Sb and As. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Volcanogenic Seafloor Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Volcanogenic seafloor systems are driven by igneous activity along spreading centers, back arc basins and magmatic arcs. In spreading centers and back arc basins, seawater evolves to become an ore fluid by convection through hot volcanic rocks. In magmatic arcs, ore fluids exsolved from subvolcanic intrusions may mix with convecting seawater. Ore deposits form where hot reduced ore fluids vent into cool oxygenated seawater. Sulfides and sulfates precipitate in or near vents. Manganese and Fe precipitate at chemoclines over wide areas in basins with seafloor hydrothermal activity. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute: Attribute_Label: DepType Attribute_Definition: Type of mineral deposit; if more than one deposit type, they are listed in alphabetical order. Attribute_Definition_Source: Hofstra and Kreiner (2020) Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Mineral deposit type (a) Deposits sharing a relatively wide variety and large number of attributes (Cox and Singer, 1986). (b) A “class representing all the recognized mineral deposits that are defined by physical and genetic factors that can be consistently differentiated from those of other classes or deposit types” (Barton and others, 1995, p. 80). Deposit types in this study include: 5 element veins; Albitite uranium; Antimony; Arsenic-thallium-mercury; Barite; Barite (replacement and bedded); Basin brine; Black shale; Calcrete uranium; Carbonate uranium; Carbonatite; Cassiterite; Chromite; Clay; Coal uranium; Copper (sed-hosted and replacement); Copper-zinc sulfide; Cryptocrystalline magnesite; Distal disseminated silver-gold; Fluorspar; Garnet; Gneiss uranium; Gold; Graphite (coal or carbonaceous sed); Greisen; Greisen-S-R beryllium; High sulfidation; High sulfidation gold-silver; Ilmenite/rutile/leucoxene; Iron oxide apatite; Iron oxide copper gold; Iron-manganese; Iron-titanium oxide; Lacustrine manganese ; Lamproite; Lithocap alunite; Lithocap kaolinite; Low sulfidation; Low sulfidation epithermal Au-Ag; Magnesite; Manganese oxide (layers, crusts, nodules); Monazite/xenotime; Natural gas, He; Nickel-cobalt laterite; Nickel-copper-PGE sulfide; Oil and natural gas; Pegmatite LCT; Pegmatite NYF; Peralkaline syenite/granite/rhyolite/alaskite/pegmatites; PGE; PGE (low sulfide); Phosphate; Polymetallic sulfide; Polymetallic sulfide S-R-V; Polymetallic sulfide S-R-V-IS; Porphyry molybdenum; Porphyry/skarn; Porphyry/skarn copper; Porphyry/skarn molybdenum; Potash; Reflux and hydrothermal dolomite; Regolith (Ion adsorption) REE; Replacement manganese; Residual brine; Sabka dolomite; Salt; Sandstone uranium; Sedimentary magnesite; Skarn copper-molybdenum-tungsten; Skarn magnesite; Skarn molybdenum; S-R-V tungsten; Strontium (replacement and bedded); Supergene manganese; Uraninite, autunite-group minerals; Uranium (unconformity and breccia pipe); Volcanogenic beryllium; Volcanogenic uranium; Wolframite/scheelite; Zinc-copper sulfide; Zinc-lead (MVT and sedex); Zircon. Attribute: Attribute_Label: CritMin Attribute_Definition: List of known or potential critical mineral commodities associated with the focus area. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS authors Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Critical minerals are those listed in the Federal Register as of May 18, 2018 https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2018/05/18/2018-10667/final-list-of-critical-minerals-2018. Helium was removed from the list and nickel and zinc added. Attribute: Attribute_Label: OtherComm Attribute_Definition: Other commodities associated with the focus area (not on the critical minerals list). Includes primary and minor commodities reported. Commodity names are spelled out, except for REE (rare earth elements) and PGE (platinum group elements). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS authors Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Includes primary and minor commodities reported. Commodity names are spelled out, except for REE (rare earth elements) and PGE (platinum group elements). Attribute: Attribute_Label: KnownCrit Attribute_Definition: List of critical minerals definitely known in the focus area (active or past production, resources). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS authors Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Commodity names are spelled out, except for REE (rare earth elements) and PGE (platinum group elements). Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The entity and attribute information provided here describes the EMRI focus areas tabular data associated with the data set. Please review the detailed descriptions that are provided (the individual attribute descriptions) for information on the values that appear as fields/table entries of the data set. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: The entity and attribute information were generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the data set. 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Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Vector Digital Data Set (Polygon) Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DIZ9N8 Fees: None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the data set. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20221101 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Connie Dicken Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, NORTHEAST REGION Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Mail Stop 954, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr City: Reston State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 20192 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 703-648-6482 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 703-648-6252 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cdicken@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998