The GOES-16 Convective Initiation dataset version 1.0 contains channel 8-14 infrared brightness temperature at lead times from 60 minutes to 10 minutes every 10 minutes over the Great Plain area. The 'train' directory contains the training dataset from June and July in 2020 while the 'test' directory contains the testing dataset from June in 2021. The var_num '7-13', '14-20', '21-27', '28-34', '35-41', and '42-48' represents the lead time of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min respectively. This dataset is downloadable as netCDF files, and is documented in a companion paper: Fan, D., S. J. Greybush, D. J. Gagne, and E. E. Clothiaux, 2023: Physically Explainable Deep Learning for Convective Initiation Nowcasting Using GOES-16 Satellite Observations.